膽囊是儲存膽汁的主要器官,在食物的消化、脂肪的分解和營養物質的吸收中起著重要作用。另外,膽囊對膽汁分泌有很好的控制和調節作用。每當進食時,膽囊會不斷向胃腸道分泌膽汁,促進食物消化,有利於營養物質的吸收。
膽汁酸可與脂肪酸結合形成水溶性復合物,促進脂肪酸的吸收。此外,膽汁對促進脂溶性維生素(維生素A、D、E、K)的吸收也有重要意義。膽汁可以中和十二指腸的部分胃酸,也是促進膽汁分泌的體液因子。
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