P(該學生在第三個交通崗第壹次遇到紅燈)=(1-2/3)*1/2*1/2=1/12;
(2)P(至多遇到壹次紅燈)=P(沒有遇到紅燈)+P(遇到壹次紅燈)=(1-p)*1/2*1/2*1/2*(1-p)+[2*(1-p)*1/2*1/2*1/2*p+3*(1-p)*1/2*1/2*1/2*(1-p)]=1/4*p^2-3/4*p+1/2<=5/18
化簡得(3p-1)(3p-8)<=0
解得1/3<=p<=3/8