The History of Music Boxes:
歷史的音樂盒：
The origin of music boxes can be traced back to 1796, to Antoine Favre, the watchmaker from Geneva, who fathered nearly two centuries of mechanical dreams.起源的音樂盒，可以追溯到1796年，安托萬米尼戈法萊，制表，從日內瓦，衛生組織的父親近兩個世紀的機械夢想。 At first merely a gadget incorporated in watches, perfume bottles, pendants, etc., the musical movement was the glory of Sainte-Croix during the second half of the 19th century.在第壹只是壹個小工具納入了手表，香水瓶，吊墜等，音樂運動的光榮聖克羅伊在二19世紀下半葉。 At the time this industrial activity represented 10% of the total volume of Swiss exports and was a source of delight to the high and mighty of this world, from Europe to China.在當時的工業活動，這代表總數的10 ％貨量瑞士出口和是壹個來源的喜悅，以高和威武的這個世界，從歐洲到中國。
Edison and his phonograph, the first World War, as well as the crisis of 1929, hit the music box industry very badly, so much so that it nearly disappeared.愛迪生和他的phonograph ，第壹屆世界戰爭，以及危機的1929年，擊中音樂盒業非常嚴重，以致幾乎消失了。 After the second World War, thanks to the American army stationed in Europe, Swiss music boxes were given a new lease on life.第二次世界大戰後，由於美國軍隊駐紮在歐洲，瑞士音樂盒給出了壹個新的契約論的生活。 The Music House offers a complete range of musical movements.音樂之家提供壹個完整的音樂運動。
DAILY RECORD SUBMISSION
Stevenson College Edinburgh lifts the lid on the Music Box
Music and Drama students from Stevenson College Edinburgh made history this spring by
becoming the first college in Scotland to stage an opera. As the College prepares to open its
brand new, state-of-the-art performing arts centre, future firsts are on the cards.
The Music Box is designed to offer rehearsal, recording and performance facilities to
musicians, actors, dancers or anyone with an interest in the performing arts. The multi-million
pound facility will include a recording studio with ‘live’ room, classrooms, music tutorial rooms
and a 180-seat auditorium to stage concerts and plays.
Morag Campbell, Head of Faculty of Creative Arts at Stevenson, said: “The Music Box is a
great way to increase access to the performing environment. Stevenson has strong
connections to the arts community and students will benefit from first class facilities and an
excellent teaching team who have come from the industry they teach.”
Stevenson College Edinburgh has recently introduced a number of new BTEC music and
performance courses in subjects including Musical Theatre, Classical Music and Popular Music
which prepare students for employment or progression into Higher Education.
-END
歷史的音樂盒
The idea of a self playing music box was developed from the carillon bell towers used in Europe where a rotating barrel, pinned with cogs in certain positions, would move hammers to strike tuned bells at the proper time to produce music.的思想，自我發揮音樂盒是發達國家從carillon鐘水塔使用在歐洲何處旋轉桶，形格勢禁，與cogs在某些職位，會動議錘罷工調諧鐘，在適當時機，以制作音樂。 The next invention to make a music box possible was the tuned steel music note or tooth, in the late 18th century.未來的發明，使音樂盒可能是調諧鋼音樂Note或牙齒，在18世紀後期。 This invention led to a new industry, the music box industry, which was started in Switzerland, and grew to employ over 100,000 workers in Europe and America.這項發明率領的壹個新的產業，音樂盒業，這是開始在瑞士，長大雇用超過十萬工人在歐洲和美洲。 Early makers included F. Nicole, Reymond Nicole, Nicole Freres, LeCoultre, Henry Capt and others.早期的決策者，包括樓的Nicole ， reymond妮可，妮可freres ， lecoultre ，亨利上尉等。 During the mid 19th century as demand for music boxes ( often called musical box or boxes) grew, additional makers named BA Bremond, Mermod Freres, Charles Paillard, Paillard Vaucher Fils – PVF, Langdorff, L’Epee, Heller, George Baker, Samuel Troll, Baker-Troll, and many others, from snuff boxes, necessaries, and bird boxes to mandoline, sublime harmonie, interchangeable cylinder and orchestra cylinder music boxes.在十九世紀中葉，作為需求音樂盒（通常稱為音樂盒或箱）增長，額外的決策者命名為廣管局治，梅爾莫freres ，查爾斯paillard ， paillard vaucher費爾-p vf， l angdorff的L 'e pee，海勒，喬治貝克，黃秉槐特羅爾，貝克- Troll公司，和許多人壹樣，從鼻煙盒，必要性，和鳥類盒mandoline ，崇高harmonie ，可互換的缸缸及樂團音樂盒。 The cylinder music box industry flourished until the late 1880s when a new invention was developed for the market, the interchangeable disc music box.氣缸音樂盒業的蓬勃發展，直到19世紀80年代後期，當壹個新發明，開發為市場，可互換的光碟音樂盒。
The first maker of disc music box to go into mass production was Symphonion of Leipzig, Germany.第壹制造光碟音樂盒進入大規模生產是symphonion的德國萊比錫。 The new industry quickly grew to include Polyphon, Kalliope, Adler, Fortuna, Sireon, Libellion, Stella, Mira, Lochmann, New Century, Britannia, and others with production based in Germany and Switzerland.新產業迅速成長為包括polyphon ， kalliope ，阿德勒，弗， sireon ， libellion ，靳麗娟，米拉，洛赫曼，新的世紀，不列顛，以及其他與生產，總部設在德國和瑞士。 In 1892 Polyphon recognized the huge market potential in America and sent a team of employees to establish the Regina Music Box Company, in Rahway, NJ.在1892 polyphon認識到巨大的市場潛力在美國和派出壹組雇員建立裏賈納音樂盒公司，在rahway ，新澤西州。 Regina was soon joined by competitors Capitol cuff, Criterion, Olympia, Euphonia, Crown, Sterling, Imperial Symphonion, Mira, Empress, Perfection, Monarch, Triumph, and other makes of disc music boxes in America.裏賈納是盡快加入由競爭對手國會袖套，標準，奧林匹亞， euphonia ，皇冠，英鎊，帝國symphonion ，米拉，皇後，完善，君主，凱旋，和其他使光碟音樂盒在美國。
The industry grew rapidly in Europe and America as the new disc music box invention allowed the owner to purchase new music for his disc music box as new music was arranged and produced by the music box maker.工業快速增長，在歐洲和美洲作為新的光碟音樂盒的發明，讓業主購買新的音樂為他的光盤音樂盒作為新的音樂被安排和所產生的音樂盒制造商。 This boom in the disc music box industry lasted only until the turn of the 20th century.這次繁榮，在光碟音樂盒業只持續，直到壹個世紀之交。 New inventions such as the phonograph, player piano, nickelodeon, and orchestrion came into the market and quickly became the dominant instruments in the home entertainment and coin-operated musical entertainment industry.新發明如phonograph ，播放鋼琴，尼克羅迪恩， orchestrion來進入市場，並迅速成為占主導地位的文書，在家庭娛樂和投幣式音樂娛樂行業。 Regina tried to compete with the addition of a line of Reginaphone (combination music box and 78 RPM phonograph) models to their product offering.裏賈納試圖競爭，加上壹條線的reginaphone （組合，音樂盒和78 rpm的phonograph ）模式，以他們的產品。 Regina was not successful in their competition with phonograph makers Edison, Victor, Columbia, Pathe, Zonophone and many other makers of modern music machines.裏賈納並不成功，在他們的競爭與phonograph決策者愛迪生，勝利者，哥倫比亞， pathe ， zonophone和許多其他制造商現代音樂的機器。
Most of the disc and cylinder music box makers went out of business by 1910.大部分的光盤和瓶裝音樂盒制造商走出去的業務由1910年。 A few survived past 1920 by diversifying production to include vacuum cleaners (Regina), cameras and typewriters (Paillard), and some made the transition to phonographs (Mira Miraphone and Polyphon).少數幸存下來，過去20年所生產多樣化，包括真空吸塵器（裏賈納） ，照相機和打字機（ paillard ） ，並取得了壹些過渡到phonographs （米拉miraphone和polyphon ） 。 Today’s music box industry is dominated by Sankyo of Japan.今天的音樂盒業為主導的三***，日本。 Their product line primarily consists of novelty music box movements for use in toys, jewelry boxes, figurines and man other applications.他們的產品線的主要組成新穎音樂盒運動使用在玩具，首飾盒，俑和人為其他應用程式。 Reuge, SA in Ste. reuge ， SA公司專題訪問。 Croix, Switzerland, is the last of the Swiss makers who currently produce a full line of product from novelty items to large old style cartel music boxes.克羅伊，瑞士，是去年的瑞士制造商目前生產全系列的產品從新穎的項目，以大舊式的卡特爾音樂盒。
歷史的音樂盒
Traditional music boxes gained popularity in the 18th Century with the French court of Louis XIV. 傳統的音樂盒流行在18世紀與法國法院的路易十四。 A long and established tradition, music boxes were well known in Europe and America. 壹個長期和壹貫傳統，音樂盒眾所周知，在歐洲和美洲。 In the 19th Century, the invention of the original cylinder music boxes occurred which consisted of a brass cylinder and numerous steel pins that plucked a tuned steel music comb as the cylinder rotated with the aid of a clockwork motor. 在19世紀，發明了原來的缸音樂盒發生，其中壹個黃銅缸和無數鋼引腳，彈撥壹調諧鋼梳音樂作為氣缸旋轉與援助的壹個發條馬達。 Cylinders ranged in length from about two inches to nearly two feet, and up to five inches diameter. 氣瓶不等，長度從約兩英寸到近2英尺，和高達5英寸直徑。 Cylinder music boxes, while musically fabulous, had the major drawback of being only able to perform the tunes that had been "pinned" to the cylinder originally. 氣缸音樂盒，而對音樂豐富，有重大的缺點，只能夠履行曲調，已經“釘” ，以氣缸原本。 The repetition of the same music became tiresome whereby these boxes would be quickly retired. 重復同樣的音樂，成為勞累，讓這些箱子將很快退休。
光碟機
By 1886, a new music box style appeared in Germany called the disc playing music box. 由1886年，壹個新的音樂盒的作風出現在德國所謂的光盤播放音樂方塊。 The new disk-playing machine allowed music box owners to change disks with ease. 新磁盤上扮演的機器，讓音樂盒業主改變磁盤與安心。 The disks were mass produced inexpensively using metal and by 1890, disk manufacturers were dedicated to the production of disks for the new machines including those produced by one of the most impressive firms in American music box manufacturing, the Regina Company of Rahway, NJ. 磁盤被大量生產廉價使用金屬和1890年，磁盤制造商專門生產磁盤，為新機器包括那些所產生的其中壹個最令人印象深刻的公司在美國的音樂盒制造，裏賈納公司rahway ，新澤西州。
裏賈納音樂盒
In 1894, the Regina Company was founded. 1894年，裏賈納公司成立。 The cylinders on most Regina and other high-end name brand boxes may have as many as 10,000 pins on a 13 inches long comb. 氣瓶上最裏賈納和其他高完名牌方塊可能有多達壹萬插針， 13英寸長梳子。 The tuned music combs have teeth that must be tuned after a piece has been moved or relocated to a particular location. 調諧音樂梳子有牙齒，必須調整後，壹塊已被移動或遷移到某壹地點。
The Regina Music box's rich sound remains unsurpassed in America and elsewhere as the mechanism for the instrument differs from others of the period. 該裏賈納音樂盒豐富的聲音仍然是無與倫比的在美國和其他地方作為的機制，為文書不同於其他的時期。 The interchangeable music disks made by Regina would fit all of their boxes of the same size. 該可互換的音樂磁盤所作的裏賈納會適合他們所有的箱大小相同。 These interchangeable disks or tune sheets as they were called at the time of their introduction in the late 19th Century are typically white in color or silver in color with a printed Regina logo and other graphic designs. 這些可互換的磁盤或調整資產負債表，他們被稱為在的時候，他們的介紹，在19世紀後期通常是白色，彩色或銀的顏色與印刷裏賈納標識及其他圖形設計。 The Regina tune sheets are steel discs with the printed song title and logo directly on the disk. 該裏賈納調表鋼光碟與印刷歌曲名稱和標誌，直接在磁盤上。 The metal projections below the tune sheet hit a star wheel similar to a clock gear as the disk passes by. 金屬的預測低於調整資產負債表創星輪類似壹個時鐘的齒輪作為磁盤通行證。 The star wheel rotates as it plucks the teeth of the music combs to produce music. 該星輪旋轉，因為它plucks的牙齒音樂梳子，以制作音樂。
單人或雙人梳子
On most Regina music boxes, one (single) or two (double) combs are mounted under one radius of the tune sheet, and thus move across about half the case width. 對大多數裏賈納音樂盒， 1 （單人）或2 （雙人）梳裝下壹個半徑調表，從而跨越，約有壹半的情況寬度。 The comb and wheel mechanism are mounted to a steel plate that runs across the full width or half the width of the case. 精梳機和車輪機制，是安裝在鋼板上運行的整個全寬或壹半的寬度，此案。 The plate is bolted to the wooden cabinet which thus acts as a sounding board and produces the volume for the music. 板螺栓，以木內閣，因此作為壹個冠冕堂皇的董事會和生產量的音樂。 The popularity of these boxes spanned from about 1890 to 1915 by Regina. 受歡迎的這些箱子跨距從約1890年至1915年由裏賈納。 As the gramophone replaced these state of the art music boxes, the Regina firm produced a combination music box and phonograph from 1915 to 1920, but never experienced the success of its famed music boxes. 作為留聲機取代這些國家的藝術，音樂盒，裏賈納公司制作了壹套組合，音樂盒和phonograph從1915年至1920年，但從來沒有經歷的成功，其著名的音樂盒。